Double-acting piston pumps



y 15, 1953 R. R. ALLEN 2,843,051

DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON PUMPS Filed Feb. 12, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 JTIURNET July 15, 1958 R. R. ALLEN DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON PUMPS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 12 1954 JTTORNEY United States Patent DOUBLE-ACTING PISTON PUMPS Robert R. Allen, Muskegon, Mich., assignor to John Wood Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application February 12, 1954, Serial No. 409,981

7 Claims. (Cl. 103-175) rectly from a supply tank into the fuel tank of a motor vehicle, tractor, etc.

One object of my invention is to provide a pump which may be facilely and quickly assembled and disassembled with all the working parts thereof accurately positioned.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pump in which all of the valves are located in a single valve plate which is held in the pump by the same screw or bolt means used to hold the body and cover of the pump housing together in fluid tight relationship.

Another object of my invention is to provide a'pump in which the valve plate with all of the valves are readily accessible for inspection or replacement by ,the mere removal of a small number of screws or bolts used to hold the body and cover of the pump together.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pump in which both the fluid inlet and fluid outlet are located in the cover, so that if the pump is assembled in a fluid conduit line, the pump may be disassembled for inspection of the valves, etc., without the necessity of disconnecting the pump from the line.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pump in which the component working parts thereof may be completely disassembled without disassembling the handle operating linkage, or without disconnecting the piston from the piston rod.

Another object of my invention is to provide a pump of a construction in which the body and the cover of the housing are most advantageously'adapted for low cost die casting, sand casting, stampings, plastic molding, or other manufacture with a minimum amount of material required and with a resultant maximum of possible fluid displacement of the pump.

Another object of my invention is to provide a manual- 1y operative double-acting piston type pump of a construction which requires no more manual effort to operate than a diaphragm pump of an equivalent fluid output.

My invention includes the various novel features of construction and arrangement as hereinafter specified, with reference to the accompanyin g drawings:

Fig. l is a side elevation of my improved double-acting piston hand pump. V

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Fig.1, I

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1. l

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation,

of the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and taken on the 2,843,051 Patented July 15, 1958 Fig. 6 is an inside view of the cover member shown in Fig. 1 when removed.

The outer housing is comprised of a body member 1 and a cover member 2 which are rigidly fastened together in fluid tight relationship by means of a series of bolts 3 which extend through matching openings in the outer flange 4 of the body member 1 and the outer flange 5 of the cover member 2. A gasket 6 is, conveniently, interposed between the flanges 4 and 5.

As best shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the cover member 2 is somewhat dish shaped and has formed therein two separated internal fluid chambers 9 and 9a. The lower portion of the cover member 2 is provided with a screw threaded fluid inlet 10 which is adapted to be connected by a fluid conduit to a source of fluid supply. The fluid inlet 10 is in open communication with the fluid chamber 9 formed in the cover member 2. The cover member 2 is provided at its upper end with the screw threaded fluid outlet 12 which is adapted to be connected with a fluid dispensing conduit. The fluid outlet 12 is in open communication with the fluid chamber 9a, the discharge side of the pump, as shown in Fig. 4. The fluid inlet 10 and fluid outlet 12 may be axially aligned.

The inner part of the body 1 is provided at its flange portions 4 with a recess 13 of the configuration of the outer periphery of the valve plate 15. The valve plate 15 is placed in assembled position in the recess 13, and the valve plate 15 is rigidly clamped in position between the flange 4 of the body 1 and the flange 5 of the cover 2 when the series of bolts 3 are tightened. The gasket 6, conveniently, is of the configuration of the inside of the cover 2, as shown in Fig. 6, with matching openings therethrough, and is clamped between the valve plate 15 and cover 2 as well as between theflanges 4 and 5. v

The valve plate 15. is provided with a series of four port openings 20, 21, 22 and 23. Each of the port openings is provided with a surrounding valve seat member 25 which is rigidly fastened to the valve plate 15. Of course, the valve plate 15 may be provided with valve seats functionally equivalent to the valve seat members 25.

Each valve seat member 25 is provided with a valve member 27 which is pivotally connected to the valve seat member by a pin 28. As best shown in Fig. 5', each of the valve members 27 is stressed toward valve closing position'on its valve seat by means of a U-shaped spring 30, the open ends of the U-shaped springs 30 being coded and engaged .by the valve pin extending therethrough As viewed in Fig. 4, the valves for the port openings 20 and 21- are located on the right hand side of the valve plate15 and open to the right, and the valves for the port openings 22 and 23 are on the opposite side of the valve plate 15, and open to the left. Of course, valves of .a type other than that shown may be used.

The valve plate 15 is provided with an annular r b which has formed therein an annular recess 36 1n which the inner end of the piston cylinder 40 is positioned. If desired, a gasket 41 may be used at the bottom of the annular recess 36.

The piston 45, conveniently provided with a piston ring 46, is mounted on the reduced end of the shaft 51 and is adapted for reciprocatory movement in the piston cylinder 40. As best shown in Fig. 4, the left hand end of the reduced portion 50 of the shaft 51 is screw threaded and engaged in the axial screw threaded opening formed in the shaft 52 which is mounted with freedom of reciprocal movement in the opening 53 formed in a boss on the cover 2. I find it convenient to provide the opening 53 with a bearing member 56.

The body member 1 includes a central portion 57 which in general appearance is somewhat of the shape of a truncated cone, and the central portion 57 is provided 3' with an upper extending portion 58 and a lower extending portion 59. As indicated in Fig. 4, the outer end of the piston cylinder 40 is seated in the bottom of the inside of the central portion 57 of the body member 1.

A-fluid chamber 60, in communication with the port opening 23, is formed by the wall of the piston cylinder 40 and the walls of the upper extending portion 58. A fluid chamber 61, in communication with the port opening 20, is formed, correspondingly, by the wall of the piston cylinder 40 and the walls of the lower extending portion 59. The chamber 61, or first body member fluid chamber, and the chamber 60, or second body member fluid chamber, are in fluid communication by means of the fluid passageway around the outer end of the piston cylinder 40.

As best shown in Fig. 4, the body member 1 is provided with a bearing boss extension 62 which has an axial opening therethru in which is fitted the bearing 63 for the shaft 51. The right hand end of the axial opening thru the extension 62 is screw threaded for the adjusting nut 65 in engagement with the packing gland member 67.

The right hand end of the clevis bolt or shaft 51 is flattened and provided with the drilled opening therethru for the clevis pin 70 by which the handle member 72 is pivotally connected to the shaft 51. The body 1 is provided with an outer rib 75 which has a drilled opening 76 therethru for the link pin 77. The ends of links 80 are pivotally connected to the link pin 77 and the opposite ends of the links 80 are pivotally connected to the handle 72, as indicated at 82.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the outer end of the operating handle member 72, conveniently, is U-shaped and provided with the handle grip 85.

Operation My improved double-acting piston pump operates as follows: 7

Assuming that the screw threaded fluid inlet 10 of the pump is connected to a source of fluid supply and that a dispensing conduit is connected to the fluid discharge outlet 12; the handle member 72 is moved manually in an up and down arc motion of approximately 90, which causes the piston 45 to be moved in a straight-line reciprocatory motion within the piston cylinder 40.

As the piston 45 is moved to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, the valve for the port opening 20 is opened, against the effective forces of its spring 30, because of the resultant reduction in pressure of the fluid in the chamber 61 on the outside of the piston cylinder 40. During this same stroke of the piston 45 to the left, the valve for the port opening 21 is maintained closed due to the increase in pressure of the fluid on the inside of the piston cylinder 40. In other words, when the piston 45 is moved in its stroke to the left, fluid is sucked from the chamber 9 through the opened valve of the port opening 20 into the chamber 61.

During this same stroke, the valve for the port opening 22, on the opposite side of the valve plate from the valve for the port 21, is opened, because of the increase in pressure of the fluid in'the cylinder 40, to discharge fluid from inside the cylinder 40 to the chamber 9a, the discharge outlet side of the pump. The valve for the port opening 23, on the opposite side of the valve plate 15 from the valve for the port opening 20, is closed because of the reduction in pressure of the fluid outside of the cylinder 40 in the chamber 60.

Accordingly, when the piston 45 is moved to the left, valves for the port openings and 22 are opened, and the valves for the port openings 21 and 23 are closed, and fluid is discharged through the open valve for the port opening 22 into the chamber 9a and fluid is sucked from the chamber 9 into the chamber 61 through the open valve for the port opening 20.

When the direction of the stroke of the piston 45 is reversed, to wit, when the piston 45 is moved to the .4 right, as viewed in Fig. 4, the previously opened valves are closed, and the valves which previously were closed are opened. Accordingly, the valve for the port opening 20 would be closed, the valve for the port opening 21 would be opened to suck fluid from the chamber 9 into the cylinder 40, the valve for the port opening 22 would be closed, and the valve for the port opening 23 would be opened and fluid discharged from the chamber 60 to the chamber 9a, the discharge outlet side of the pump.

It is to be noted that the direction of flow of fluid in my improved double-acting piston pump may be reversed very facilely and quickly by merely disassembling the body member 1 from. the cover member 2 and rotating the valve plate 15 through 180, and then reassembling the body member andv the cover member. If, as a matter of convenience in assembly of the pump, the valve plate 15 is prelocated on the cover 2 by small screws extending thru the two small holes in the valve plate 15, shown in Fig. 5, into matching screw threaded openings in the cover 2, the two small screws would be removed, and then replaced after the valve plate 15 has been rotated Such reversal of flow can be accomplished without any change in the fluid conduits and without any disturbing of the handle linkage.

If the valve plate be rotated 180, the heretofore described fluid outlet 12 would become the fluid inlet, and the heretofore described inlet 10 would become the fluid outlet and, of course, fluid then would be discharged from the piston cylinder 40 and the chamber 61 into the chamber 9, which would become the discharge outlet side of the pump and fluid would be sucked into the chamber 60 and the piston cylinder 40 from the chamber 9a.

I do not desire to limit myself to the specific details of construction, arrangement and operation as herein set forth, as it is obvious that various modifications may be made therein without departing from the essential features of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A double-acting pump comprising a body member and a cover member; a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber formed in said cover member; a fluid inlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid outlet chamber; a valve plate between said body member and said cover member; a piston cylinder seated at one end in said valve plate and seated at its opposite end in a support formed in said body member; two communicating separate extensions in said body member forming, with the outer wall of said piston cylinder, a body member fluid chamber; a piston in said piston cylinder; manually operative means to efiect reciprocation of said piston in said piston cylinder; 21 series of four valves, each of which is pivotally connected to its valve seat member rigidly fastened to said valve plate, controlling respectively four ports in said valve plate, including a first valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said body member fluid chamber, a second valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said piston cylinder, a third valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said piston cylinder to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member, and a fourth valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said body member fluid chamber to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member; whereby, when the piston is moved in one direction in said piston cylinder, said first valve and said third valve are caused to be opened, and said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be closed; and when the piston is moved in the opposite direction, said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be opened, and said first valve and said third valve are caused to be closed, with the result that a con-. tinuous discharge of fluid is effected from the fluid outlet port in said cover member regardless of the direction of movement of said piston in said piston cylinder.

2. A structure as in claim 1; wherein both halves of said valve plate are of symmetrical configuration; whereby, said valve plate may be turned 180, selectively, with respect to said cover member, to eifect a reversal of flow of fluid through said cover member fluid ports, by removing the cover member, turning said valve plate 180, and then reassembling said cover member in its original position.

3. A double acting pump comprising a body member and a cover member; a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber formed in said cover member; a fluid inlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid outlet chamber; a valveplate removably clamped between said body member and said cover member; a piston cylinder seated at one end in said valve plate and seated at its opposite end in a support for-med in said body member; two communicating separate extensions in said body member forming, with the outer wall of said piston cylinder, a body member fluid chamber; a piston in said piston cylinder; manually operative means to eifect reciprocation of said piston in said piston cylinder; a series of four valves, each of which is pivotally connected to its valve seat member rigidly fastened to said valve plate, controlling respectively four ports in said valve plate, including a first valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said body member fluid chamber, a second valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said piston cylinder, at third valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said piston cylinder to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member, and a fourth valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said body member fluid chamber to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member; whereby, when the piston is moved in one direction in said piston cylinder, said first valve and said third valve are caused to be opened, and said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be closed; and when the piston is moved in the opposite direction, said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be opened, and said first valve and said third-valve are caused to be closed, with the result that a continuous discharge of fluid is effected from the fluid outlet port in said cover member regardless of the direction of movement of said piston in said piston cylinder.

4. A double-acting pump comprising a body member and a cover member; a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber formed in said cover member; a fluid inlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid outlet chamber, said fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port being in substantial axial alignment; a valve plate between said body member and said cover member; a piston cylinder seated at one end in said valve plate and seated at its opposite end in a support formed in said body member; two communicating separate extensions in said body member forming, with the outer wall of said piston cylinder, a body member fluid chamber; a piston in said piston cylinder; manually operative means to effect reciprocation of said piston in said piston cylinder; a. series of four valves, each'of which is pivotally connected to its valve seat member rigidly fastened to said valve plate, controlling respectively four ports in said valve plate, including a first valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said body member fluid chamber, a second valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said piston cylinder, a third valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said piston cylinder to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member, and a fourth valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said body member fluid chamber to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member; whereby, when the piston is moved in one direction in said piston cylinder, said first valve and said third valve are caused to be opened, and said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be closed; and when the piston is moved in the opposite direction, said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be opened, and said first valve and said third valve are caused to be closed, with the result that a continuous discharge of fluid is eflected from the fluid outlet port in said cover member regardless of the direction of movement of said piston in said piston cylinder.

5. A double-acting pump comprising a body member and a cover member; a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber formed in said cover member; a fluid inlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid outlet chamber, said fluid inlet port and fluid outlet port being in substantial axial alignment; a removable separate valve plate between said body member and said cover member; a piston cylinder seated at one end at said valve plate and seated at its opposite end in a support formed in said body member; two communicating separate extension portions in said body member forming, with the outer wall of said piston cylinder, a body member fluid chamber; a piston in said piston cylinder; manually operative means to effect reciprocation of said piston in said piston cylinder; a series of four valves, each of which is pivotally connected to its valve seat member rigidly fastened to said valve plate, controlling respectively four ports in said valve plate, including -a first valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said body member fluid chamber, a second valve controlling the port th-ru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said piston cylinder, a third valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said piston cylinder to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member, and a fourth valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said body member fluid chamber to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member; whereby, when the piston is moved in one direction in said piston cylinder, said first valve and said third valve are caused to be opened, and said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be closed; and when the piston is moved in the opposite direction, said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be opened, and said first valve and said third valve are caused to be closed, with the result that a continuous discharge of fluid is eflected from the fluid outlet port in said cover member regardless of the direction of movement of said piston in said piston cylinder.

6. A double-acting pump comprising a body member and a cover member; a fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet chamber formed in said cover member; a fluid inlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid inlet chamber and a fluid outlet port in said cover member in open communication with said cover member fluid outlet chamber; a removable separate valve plate clamped between said body member and said cover member; a piston cylinder seated at one end at said valve plate and seated at its opposite end in a support formed in said body member; two communicating separate extension portions in said body member forming, with the outer wallof said piston cylinder, a body member fluid chamber; a piston in said piston cylinder; manually operative means to effect reciprocation of said piston in said piston cylinder; a series of four separate replaceable valves, each of which is pivotally connected to its valve seat member rigidly fastened to V said valve plate, controlling respectively four ports in said valve plate, including a first valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said body member fluid chamber, a second valve controlling the port thru which fluid is drawn from said fluid inlet chamber in said cover member into said piston cylinder, a third valve controlling the port thru which fluid is discharged from said piston cylinder to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member, and a fourth valve controlling the port thru which fluidv is discharged from said body member fluidchamber to said fluid outlet chamber in said cover member; whereby, when the piston is moved in one direction in said piston cylinder, said first valve and said third valve are caused to be opened, and said second valve and fourth valve are caused to be closed; and when the piston is moved in the opposite direction, said second valve and said fourth valve are caused to be opened, and said first valve and said third valve are caused to be closed, with the result that a continuous discharge 'of fluid is effected from. the fluid outlet po -tin said cover member regardless of the directionof movement ofsa d, piston in said piston cylinder. I I

7. A structure as in claim 6; wherein both halves of said valve plate are, of symmetrical configuration; where- 'by said valve plate may be turned 180, selectively, with respect to said cover member, to effect a reversal of flow of fluid, through said cover member fluid ports, by removing said cover member, turning said valve plate 180, and then reassembling said cover member in its original position.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain Feb. 24, 1903 

